Unfinished basement dust solution without sealer possible?

Im just wondering if i wash it how long before dust reappears?

i was going to seal it but i don't want it to stink up my house as i have kids, and dont have a way of leaving for a day. i know there is water based sealers but im worried still, and those are just as much as the paint.

Olympic WaterGuard Clear Multi-Surface Waterproofer 3.78 L-55548XIC1 | The Home Depot Canada i like this price point but im sure ill harm my family with fumes.

the epoxy/paint option i like but CAN I DO IT WITHOUT ETCHING AND PRIMING?

if i just clean it and vacuum and apply the concrete paint will this last a little bit?

i will be finishing my basement in the future so i dont need to invest a lot rght now but im hosting Christmas this year and need to use the space and dont want everyone tracing dust everywhere.

im sure this has been asked a million times just cant find a definitive answer. sorry and thank you.